Sources of genetic recombination: Transduction Transformation Conjugation Although there is no meiosis, recombination of alleles can occur Transduction Viruses may transfer (act as vector) DNA from one bacteria to another New bacterial DNA may line up with a homologous section of the bacterial chromosome and recombination (crossing over) may occur May be GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION or … <> Or use it to find and download high-quality how-to PowerPoint ppt presentations with illustrated or animated slides that will teach you how to do something new, also for free. Conjugation. Techniques that have enabled this discipline are culture in defined media, replica plating, mutagenesis, transformation, conjugation and transduction. Transduction is important because of its implications for scientific research and bacterial antibiotic resistance. Bacterial conjugation and transfer of F plasmid. of bacterial exchange of genetic information BACTERIAL GENETICS AND GENE TRANSFER Because there is only one copy of this molecule per cell, bacteria exist in a haploid state Bacteria do not have nuclear membranes surrounding their DNA. Microbial Genetics. Transduction happens when a virus uses a bacterium cell to replicate itself by hijacking it. DNA from environment taken up is called _____. PowerPoint is the world's most popular presentation software which can let you create professional Bacterial Genetics powerpoint presentation easily and in no time. This takes place through a pilus. Transduction is a common tool used by molecular biologists to stably introduce a foreign gene into a host cell’s genome. Replica Plating The Ames Test for Chemical Carcinogens Genetic Transfer and Recombination Vertical gene transfer Horizontal gene transfer Transformation Recombination Conjugation Conjugation Conjugation Genetic Recombination Exchange of genes between two DNA molecules Crossing over occurs when two chromosomes break and rejoin Transduction Plasmids Conjugative plasmid Carries … 3. The actual transfer of genetic material between bacteria usually takes place in one of three ways: direct transfer between two bacteria temporarily in physical contact (conjugation), transfer of a naked DNA fragment (transformation), or transport of bacterial DNA by bacteriophages (transduction). Although bacteria can acquire new genes through transformation and transduction, this is usually a more rare transfer among bacteria of the same species or closely related species. 3. from the environment (such as DNA released from a dead organism). - ... differences from archaea Rod Shaped Bacteria Eukaryotes Unicellular or multicellular Sexual and asexual reproduction Algae ... viral drugs Infectious disease ... - Genome Organization and Evolution ... Chapter 2 Genes A gene is ... Molecular Biology Of The Cell. … >> - Posses cell wall different from plants. Transformation is one of three processes by which exogenous genetic material may be introduced into a bacterial cell; the other two being conjugation (transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact), and transduction (injection of foreign DNA by a … Images: Binary Fission , JW Schmidt, Phylogenetic Tree, Eric Gaba, NASA Astrobiology institute. - Microbial Communities & Feeding Specialization of Insects at The Sevilleta LTER Dan Colman Focal Organism Epicauta longicollis Member of Meloidae family 18-25 mm ... - Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution * Figure 21.17 Inquiry: What is the function of a gene (FOXP2) that is rapidly evolving in the human lineage? They are all artistically enhanced with visually stunning color, shadow and lighting effects. In this review, gene transfer in bacteria will be considered from an evolutionary perspective. From the . Bacterial conjugation and transfer of F plasmid. Read more; Transduction: gene transfer in bacteria mediated by viruses (virus mediated gene transfer). Transduction is the transfer of genetic information from a donor to a recipient by way of a bacteriophage. Insertion of Exogenous genetic material 1. Capsule. They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. Bacterial genetic mechanisms ... transformation, transduction, conjugation, and transposition. Read more; Conjugation: is the unidirectional transfer of genetic materials from a donor bacterium to a recipient through cell to cell contact via sex pili (conjugation tube). Transduction is the transfer of genetic information from a donor to a recipient by way of a bacteriophage. New genotypes and alleles enter the population, The concepts of fitness and adaptation are, Only natural selection, the other mechanisms, There can be multiple paths to higher fitness in, The paradigm of geographic speciation was, Allelic combinations are reshuffled every, Successful mating only occurs between individuals, 1. Involves use of plasmids.. Transduction [edit | edit source] Involves transfer genetic material from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage. Conjugation: direct transfer of DNA from one bacterial cell to another. 4. KR5-GeneticsII (1).ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Transformation. In contrast, in sexually reproducing organisms, 2. Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in conjugation), and it is DNAase resistant (transformation is susceptible to DNAase). The uploader spent his/her valuable time to create this Bacterial Genetics powerpoint presentation slides, to share his/her useful content with the world. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. In most other species (particularly in eukaryotic microbes), reproduction is a mix of sexual and asexual To view this presentation, you'll need to allow Flash. 4 0 obj Transduction. September 12, 2013 Acharya Tankeshwar Microbial Genetics 1. Objectives Character of bacterial genome Bacterial genetic diversity transformation ,conjugation and transduction Plasmid, KR5-GeneticsII (1).ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Flagella. Increasing Genetic Diversity in Prokaryotes. 8. Genotypes within populations vary and this, 2. PowerPoint lecture on Microbial Genetics used in an actual college microbiology classroom. MICROBIAL EVOLUTION, SYSTEMATICS AND TAXONOMY. on . 1. And, best of all, most of its cool features are free and easy to use. Conjugation is the technique of transfer of genetic material from one bacteria to another placed in contact. The transfer of genetic information by transformation, conjugation and transduction in bacteria occurs frequently in nature. <> Bacteria & Archaea. Transduction: There are viruses called bacteriophages that can infect bacteria.These viruses sometimes bring along genes that they picked up during infection of another bacterium. Earliest Life. Bacterial . Even with relatively low levels of recombination, Genetic exchange can transfer adaptations, Adaptive mutations in bacteria have the potential. Or use it to upload your own PowerPoint slides so you can share them with your teachers, class, students, bosses, employees, customers, potential investors or the world. Transduction. A donor cell contains a F (fertility) plasmid making it F. A conjugation pilus (genes for which are on the F plasmid) forms and the donor cell transfers a copy of the F plasmid to the recipient. Virtual Microbiology Classroom. Conjugation. B. How is this variability passed on (heritable)? Sometimes the virus accidentally packages some of the bacteria’s DNA in a phage (viral cell component) instead of its own DNA. Pili ... Immunological Recognition of Microbial Pathogens, - Immunological Recognition of Microbial Pathogens. The Origin and Evolution of Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists, - 0 The Origin and Evolution of Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists, The Evolution of Microbial Life CHAPTER 15, - Milestones in the Evolution of Life The Ubiquity of Microbes Prokaryotes Two Domains: Eubacteria vs Archaeans ... Animal-like Protists: Protozoans. - FYI: Characteristics of the three domains. III. Replica Plating, pt. Transformation. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for “Best PowerPoint Templates” from Presentations Magazine. 5 0 obj genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION. Alberts et al. Mechanisms of Gene Transfer. Transduction: use of a Bacteriophages (bacterial virus) to transfer DNA between cells. Mechanisms of bacterial horizontal gene transfer include transformation, transduction, and conjugation. It's FREE! That's all free as well! When a recipient cell takes up . The process of transformation also allows a bacterial cell to acquire new genes, but it does not require cell-to-cell contact. Conjugation: Transfer of genes between cells that are in physical contact with one another; Transduction: Transfer of genes from one cell to … Gene Transfer Mechanism in Bacteria and It’s types Gene Transfer Mechanism in Bacteria and It’s types ... Three broad mechanisms mediate efficient movement of DNA between cells- conjugation, transduction and transformation. 14 (No Transcript) 15 Closely examine these three premises . In nature, this genetic material often comes from adjacent lysed bacteria and can include plasmid DNA or fragmented DNA released into the environment. Bacterial . /PageMode /UseNone Three broad mechanisms mediate efficient movement of DNA between cells- conjugation, transduction and transformation. - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Read more ; The above definitions are the key in understanding the concept. Topics include plasmids, conjugation, transformation, transduction, and recombination mechanisms used to incorporate bacterial genes shuffled between cells. Not all phages can mediate transduction. Minimal Genome Fewest amount of genes necessary for life. Gene flow introduction or loss of new, 3. Recombinant A Recombinant B Genetic Recombination and Transfer Horizontal Gene Transfer Among Prokaryotes Horizontal gene transfer Donor cell contributes part of genome to recipient cell Three types Transformation Transduction Bacterial conjugation LEARNING OBJECTIVE Contrast vertical gene transfer. Many of them are also animated. �0E�)]0�I��W�B��-���;sӴ�E�X� if:s�ISz� �����-6�b4���n�FE_�/����2;�\�$"��7�]�!� u>V. 3. Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells. Gene Expression . This ppt presentation uploaded by onlinesearch in Health & Wellness ppt presentation category is available for free download,and can be used according to your industries like finance, marketing, education, health and many more. Genetic mapping of genes on the bacterial chromosome 1. x�ē�J1�s�S�q�`:�l6�7kk��JuŃx�����*>��l[���˰�d��/?,�@,䛜p�Bz��U�#��Q��ЮMC�L>�J"|�~��,iD2�((�КM�p~�0֔V�$���&�¥�C��^ſ�{ �۾vw��j���%�Lk���ޚ/19�5����QJs��,$!B�%���\�W�0��[�Ep[ު����W1�X�Ξ�2��e�: ۽����X�g���#�� �'�]��d��d�2:�Od��a��0�Ls��K�^���IX#F^��D˺�;��]�{dž� ��Ĕ� If so, share your PPT presentation slides online with PowerShow.com. Conjugation (cont.) And they’re ready for you to use in your PowerPoint presentations the moment you need them. /Font <> What exactly is living ... - Unit 3 - Evolution and Diversity Chapter 13 How Populations Evolve Chapter 14 How Biological Diversity Evolves Chapter 15 The Evolution of Microbial Life, - Title: EVOLUTION: Unifying Concept in Biology Author: Carol Eunmi Lee Last modified by: Carol Eunmi Lee Created Date: 1/18/2014 3:12:29 AM Document presentation format, Ecology and Evolution are inextricably connected, Ecology the study of interactions between, Evolution changes in the genetic composition of, change in allelic frequency in populations over, 2. 2. translation transformation transcription transduction RNA replication Plasmids carry genetic information coding for enzymes that are associated with all the following except _____. Western blots. Created Date: 2/8/1998 6:28:02 AM Document presentation format: ... Book Antiqua Monotype Sorts movnglns.ppt Microbial Genetics ... - Created Date: 9/17/2010 3:18:40 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) Other titles: Calibri Arial Verdana Office Theme The Microbial World The ... - ... metagenomics Because we can. Cell wall. endobj <> After you enable Flash, refresh this page and the presentation should play. ~250-350 ... - Chapter 6 Microbial Genetics Structure of DNA Double stranded (double helix) Chains of nucleotides 5 to 3 (strands are anti-parallel) Complimentary base pairing ... - Microbial Genetics The how and why of information flow in living things. - microbial evolution, systematics and taxonomy by sheela m.sc(pre.) They are transformation, conjugation and transduction. 3. Introduction of foreign DNA into eukaryotic cells. Adaptive gene sequences can go ANYWHERE. Transformation • Tranformation is process of taking up naked DNA in a stably inherited form. Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells. These diverse gene transfer mechanisms in bacteria are the result of evolution and are not linked to reproduction as in eukaryotic organisms. Apart from a wild strawberry with the Japanese name of “Takaichigo,” which has a Z-W sex chromosome (homologous in the male and heterologous in the female), all cases studied so far are of … Explain the role of an F factor , F+ cell , and Hfr cells in bacterial conjugation. ELISAs. Increasing Genetic Diversity in Prokaryotes. Nov 26, 2015 - 8.4 Plasmids Circular genetic elements that reproduce autonomously and have an extra-chromosomal existence: KB in size Typical plasmid 1/20 of chromosome Most are circular double-stranded DNA, some linear ds DNA Transmitted from cell to cell via conjugation process Some can integrated into chromosome Can carry a variety of genes for production of toxin, resistance to … Filename BactGene.ppt Background Concepts Structure & Function of DNA & RNA Genetic code Transcription & translation Protein synthesis Gene Regulation: operators, promotors , repressors Lecture Outline Genetic Flow Genetic change Transformation Conjugation Transduction Plasmids Transposons Genetic Flow Between Generations of Cells Within Cells Genetic Flow Between Generations Genetic … bacteria are haploid, the consequences of a mutation, even a recessive one, are immediately evident in the mutant cell. Chapter 7 Microbial Genetics Figure 7.1 The structure of nucleic acids-overview Figure 7.2 Bacterial genome-overview Figure 7.3 Eukaryotic nuclear chromosomal packaging-overview Figure 7.4 Triphosphate deoxyribonucleotides as building blocks and energy sources in DNA synthesis-overview Figure 7.5 Semiconservative model of DNA replication Figure 7.6a DNA replication: initial processes … This takes place through a pilus. In transformation and transduction, where naked DNA is gaining access to the cell, the DNA could easily be broken down by the cell with no genetic expression occurring. They discovered that the F-factor can move between E.colicells and proposed the concept of conjugation. Replication of DNA •Transcription •Translation . 1 0 obj Transformation is the uptake of genetic material from the environment by bacterial cells. on . Biotic and abiotic components of an organisms, 3. Read more 2. PPT – Microbial Evolution PowerPoint presentation | free to view - id: 25be13-OTc1Z, The Adobe Flash plugin is needed to view this content. Similar to conjugation, these two mechanisms transfer DNA in one direction, and recombination occurs between … DNA t… In conjugation, the genes are located on a plasmid, under the control of promoters on the plasmid. Selection change in allele frequencies over, 1. Builds on the basic concepts of molecular biology described in Chapter 2 by describing how bacteria remodel their chromosomes through various forms of genetic exchange. Transformation . Or use it to create really cool photo slideshows - with 2D and 3D transitions, animation, and your choice of music - that you can share with your Facebook friends or Google+ circles. MUTATION Mutations occur in nature at a low frequency, But the large size of microbial populations ensures the presence of many mutants. It is a parasexual mode of reproduction in bacteria.. Transformation ; Transformation is the direct uptake of donor’s DNA by the recipient cell. Gene Regulation 3. Bacterial genetics vs eukaryotic genetics - Eukaryotes use sexual reproduction : In many species, sex is essential to all reproductions. View Lect_8-Bacterial-gen-fim.ppt from BIO 50660 at University of Texas. Pili. 5. Transformation ; Transduction ; Conjugation ; can all introduce genetic variability to bacterial populations; Horizontal gene transfer . can introduce genetic variability to fungal, Populations with diverse gene pools have a lot. - Beautifully designed chart and diagram s for PowerPoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Transformation Conjugation (horizontal gene transfer) - transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact by pilli. • In conjugation, two bacterial cells connect by a long, tubular structure (a sex pilus), then form a cytoplasmic bridge between the cells. %PDF-1.4 %���� Our new CrystalGraphics Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint is a collection of over 1000 impressively designed data-driven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Horizontal Gene Transfer in Bacteria : Transformation, Transduction and Conjugation Gene transfer in bacteria can be broadly divided into-Vertical gene transfer (transmission of genes from parents to offspring during cell division) Horizontal gene transfer (transmission of genes from one bacterium to another neighbor bacterium) Horizontal gene transfer occurs in bacteria by several … Because they are not essential for the survival of the bacteria not all bacteria contains these extrachromosomal species . GeneTransfer Transformation Transduction Lysogenic conversion Conjugation 26. presentations for free. Transformation Transduction Lysogenic conversion Conjugation Genes) Bacterial Genetics Genetics is the study of heredity and variation. stream In most cases gene transfer is between members of the same bacterial species. Free class materials on microbial genetics, including a lecture PowerPoint, class notes, test questions, study guide & review questions. Financially feasible to sequence entire genomes. ScienceProfOnline.com. Transformation. ScienceProfOnline.com. CrystalGraphics 3D Character Slides for PowerPoint, - CrystalGraphics 3D Character Slides for PowerPoint. Scientists have discovered that it is possible to transfer DNA from one bacterial cell to another by another two mechanisms: transformation and transduction. The phage coat protects the DNA in the environment so that transduction, unlike transformation, is not affected by nucleases in the environment. What introduces variability among genotypes? Bacterial Conjugation • Bacteria are haploid organisms with a single, circular chromosome. The phage coat protects the DNA in the environment so that transduction, unlike transformation, is not affected by nucleases in the environment. Transduction (closely linked genes will cotransduce at a higher frequency) C. Recombinant DNA technology 1. cloning of specific DNA fragments on plasmids and the transfer into bacteria via transformation and/or conjugation (Fig. Whether your application is business, how-to, education, medicine, school, church, sales, marketing, online training or just for fun, PowerShow.com is a great resource. Transformation and Transduction • Conjugative Transposons • These genetic elements share attributes with conjugal plasmids and transposons • A transposition event between two cells • Requires all the functions found in conjugation plus those of transposition. Hfr (Fig. DNA from another cell injected by a virus is called _____. How do we determine relationship between species? Paul, a 23-year-old relief worker from Atlanta, traveled to Haiti in 2011 to provide aid following the 2010 earthquake. Techniques that have enabled this discipline are culture in defined media, replica plating, mutagenesis, transformation, conjugation and transduction. DNA Replication & Mutation 4. �@��Q\�,��S�����^@�.DEF�޾stDK!�����9~̯�H8q#��-��R�I��#��ZCY��]�1�a��u����?1*�A���:�s�#J��.X©b ��D������u�ֵ\C���Ҿ{�Shm�pQ��n�+�;�x�CT�S���A�� F. Griffith discovered the process of transformation in 1928. R. Lia K. Iswara, Dr, MS, SpMK Department of Microbiology FK USU. Phage typing ... - Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Jerome Burg Last modified by: tempuser Created Date: 8/6/2010 6:35:02 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3). DNA. This method was proposed by Lederberg and Tatum. Fitness is measured over one generation or more. Printing: The best way for students to print out the PowerPoint Show is to download the PDF version.Select Print, and, when the Print screen comes up, go to the Print Handling options.Under Page Scaling, select "Multiple pages per sheet", Under Pages per sheet, select "2".That uses up less paper, placing two slides on each page. Transformation is the process by which a DNA molecule is taken up from the external environment and incorporated into the genome of the recipient cell. ... C. Serology. Conjugation is a well-known method of DNA recombination, which can be found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Also discussed are the bacterial restriction‐modification … Transduction is a common tool used by molecular biologists to stably introduce a foreign gene into a host cell’s genome. /XObject <> If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Filename BactGene.ppt Background Concepts Structure & Function of DNA & RNA Genetic code Transcription & translation Protein synthesis Gene Regulation: operators, promotors , repressors Lecture Outline Genetic Flow Genetic change Transformation Conjugation Transduction Plasmids Transposons Genetic Flow Between Generations of Cells Within Cells Genetic Flow Between Generations Genetic … If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. 2. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. endobj Conjugation: Two bacteria can pair up and connect through structures in the cell membranes and then transfer DNA from one bacterial cell to another. Transformation, transduction, and Conjugation. Allelic combinations are NOT reshuffled every, Cohan suggests this exchange happens at a low, 2. Conjugation is one the three mechanism of DNA exchange between bacteria, the other being transformation and transduction. September 12, 2013 Acharya Tankeshwar Microbial Genetics 1. >> 2 Dr.T.V.Rao MD 32 33. Transduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DNA (which occurs in conjugation), and it is DNAase resistant (transformation is susceptible to DNAase). ����LSrf��o{��0�.�Ƶ�ϵ��VX�$�~@���� q(J�,��G��'��� ����� Endospores. - Title: Microbial Genetics Author: SMCCCD Last modified by: Nickolas V. Kapp Created Date: 3/25/2003 1:38:47 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3). Allows for Recombinant DNA Technology. It is a parasexual mode of reproduction in bacteria.. Successful genetic exchange occurs between, The process of periodic selection in bacteria. 14-22) 2. AP.BIO: IST‑4 (EU), IST‑4.B (LO), IST‑4.B.1 (EK) Mech <> Virtual Microbiology Classroom. Gene Expression 2. Genetic recombinations in bacteria occur as the result of transformation, transduction, and conjugation. Bacterial genetics is the study of the mechanisms of heritable information in bacteria, their chromosomes, plasmids, transposons and phages. Not all phages can mediate transduction. transformation transcription transduction RNA replication The process by which protein is made from an RNA template is called which of the following. Arial Times New Roman Wingdings Comic Sans MS Stream Microbial Genetics Genetic recombination Gene transfer Horizontal gene transfer Homologous recombination Griffith’s experiment, 1928 Streptococcus pneumoniae “Naked” DNA Transformation Slide 9 Conjugation Plasmids Mechanism of conjugation Importance of plasmids Transduction Generalized transduction Transposons Natural … Genetic drift stochastic shifts in allele, 4. Microbial Genetics. Other types of genetic transfer mechanisms include conjugation and transduction. It is the subfield of genetics devoted to the study of bacteria. Mating pair formation 2. endobj This helps you give your presentation on Bacterial Genetics in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations.. At recombination rates gt 10-5 exchanges per, 3. genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION. many, In contrast, recombination is not tied to, Recombination has major ramifications on how, Although sexual recombination is rare in bacteria, Premise 3 leads to the concept of adaptation and, the relative contribution by an individuals, As the environment changes, so do the fitness, Notice the connection between ecology and, Fitness is a property of a genotype, not of an, Individuals with the same genotype share the.